Showing posts from June, 2021
Capsule Staining by Maneval's Method Bacterial cell is consisting of various structural components such as cell wall , cell membrane, capsule, flagella etc. Capsule is one of the important component but it is not present in all bacteria. Acc…
One step growth experiment is An experiment by which molecular events that are occurring during reproduction of virus can be observed. It reveals the fundamental nature of virus replication process. This process was first performed by Ellis & D…
Lysosomal storage diseases Lysosomalstorage disorders (LSDs) arise from the incomplete digestion of macromolecules. Causing the lysosomes to become large and numerous enough to interfere with normal cell functions. All lysosomal storage disorders a…
The rolling circle model of DNA replication was proposed in 1968. This model explains mechanism of DNA replication in circular plasmids and single stranded circular DNA of viruses. For many plasmids replication is not tied to chromosomal replication…
TMV (Tobacco Mosaic virus) is a plant virus which infects a wide range of plants. TMV causes disease of Tobacco, Tomato and other members of the family Solanaceae. TMV belongs to Tobamovirus group. TMV is first virus ever discovered by Iwanowski i…
Enzymes are classified according to the type of reaction they catalyse. All enzymes have formal 'EC' (Enzyme Commission) number and names, and most have trivial names. International Union of Biochemistry had formulated a committee to look …
Viroids are the smallest known infectious agents consisting of a small, circular, RNA molecules. A VIROIDs are a Virus(VIR) like(OID) particles. Until 1970, viruses were considered as the smallest infectious agents. However, the discovery of viro…
Prions are small infectious protein particles responsible for fatal Neurodegenerative diseases in humans and animals. Different from viruses & viroids and they do not contain nucleic acids. Prion is actually misfolded protein. All organisms …
Despite being surrounded by harmful microorganisms, toxins, and the threat of our own cells turning into tumor cells, humans manage to survive, largely thanks to our immune system . The immune system is made up of organs, tissues, cells and mol…
Recombinant DNA or r-DNA technology is a technique that is used to refer, identification, isolation and insertion of gene of interest into a vector, Such as plasmid or bacteriophage to form a recombinant DNA molecule and production of large quantit…
Both viroids and prions are Strict intracellular, Subcellular infectious agents, that always requires a living host for replication. Besides there are many differences between Viroids and Prions . Differences between Viroids and Prions • Definiti…
The PDH complex also known as the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is a multi-enzyme complex. PDH complex is present on the inner mitochondrial membrane . The molecular weight of the PDH complex is 9×10⁶ kDa. Pyruvate is produced in the cytosol as…
Opsonization is a process which enhances the efficiency of phagocytosis by phagocytic cells. This process involves specific antimicrobial proteins which are termed as Opsonins . These antimicrobial proteins are present in our body fluids. Phago…
